Dynamical Symmetry Approach to Periodic Hamiltonians

We show that dynamical symmetry methods can be applied to Hamiltonians with periodic potentials. We construct dynamical symmetry Hamiltonians for the Scarf potential and its extensions using representations of su(1, 1) and so(2, 2). Energy bands and gaps are readily understood in terms of representation theory. We compute the transfer matrices and dispersion relations for these systems, and find that the complementary series plays a central role as well as non-unitary representations. PACs numbers: 03.65.Fd, 02.20.-a, 02.20.Sv, 11.30.-j keywords: representation theory, dynamical symmetry, exactly solvable models, periodic potentials, band structure. 1 email: [email protected] 2 email: [email protected]